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Flowers & Fruits-1 

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The Vegetative Organs are the Root, Stem and Leaf. The flower contains various Organs.

Floral organs are modified leaves! They are formed at the shoot apex in the same manner as other leaves, and some floral parts like sepals and petals may be clearly leaf-like in their morphology.

Most Stamens and Carpels are not "leafy" in their appearance. However, some plants produce leaf-like Stamens and Carpels. Furthermore, careful anatomical studies have shown that these floral organsare highly modified leaves.

The Floral Organs

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Sepals
Petals
Stamens
Carpels

The Sepals constitute the Calyx

The Petals comprise the CorollaClintoniaLab.jpg (35509 bytes)

The Sepals and Petals are collectively called the Perianth.

When the Sepals & Petals are identical, they are both called Tepals

Stamens comprise the Androecium (Male House)

Carpels comprise the Gynoecium (Female House).

The morphological unit of the Gynoecium is the Carpel.

The term Pistil has been used in the past to describe the gynoecium and this can cause some confusion in terminology.

A Gynoecium of a flower may contain 1 carpel, 2 carpels or n Carpels.

The Carpels may be free (Apocarpous) or united (Syncarpous)

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A] Model of a Primitive Carpel with Ovules distributed at the Margin of the Leaf

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B] The Transparent Blade shows the Midrib with a Midvein. Minor Veins are not shown.

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C] Model of a Primitive Carpel which has become folded  but the Ovules are still marginal  

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D] Primitive Carpel which has folded and fused so that the Ovules are surrounded by the Lamina which is now called the Pericarp

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E] Cross Section of a Simple Carpel: Some Gynoecia contain one Simple Carpel.

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F] In other cases the Gynoecium may have several Simple, Free Carpels. This is called an Apocarpous Gynoecium.
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