Alice Bergfeld - Rolf Bergmann - Peter v. Sengbusch    -     Botany online 1996 - 2004. No further update, only historical document of botanical science!

Botany online - The Internet Hypertextbook in the www Network of Information and Knowledge. Comments, Opinions and Recommendations

Please visit also our new homepage "the ever growing information tool" http://www.biologie.uni-hamburg.de/b-online/

Table of Contents

Introduction Botany: The History of a Science Ernst MAYR: The Autonomy of Biology How to Identify Plants - Important Features of Flowering Plants
Anatomy of Cells and Tissues Microscopy Looking at the Structures of Cells and Tissues in the Microscope Dermal Tissues, Parenchyma and Assimilation Tissues Supporting Tissues - Vascular Tissues H. G. RICHTER and M. J. DALLWITZ: Commercial timbers: descriptions, illustrations, identification, and information retrieval A Short Introduction to the Principal Intracellular Structures
Classic Genetics Classic Genetics: Mendel and Earlier Works Gregor MENDEL: Experiments in Plant Hybridization Cytology. Fertilization, Division of Cell and Nucleus, Chromosomes, Meiosis, The Chromosome Theory of Heredity (Part I) A Closer Scrutiny on Mendelís Laws - Mutations Chromosomes - The Chromosome Theory, Part II Chromosomal Numbers. Translocations and their Consequences The Behaviour of Genes in Populations: the Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium The End of an Epoch - Prospects for New Developments Cybernetics: Systems, Control, Information And Redundancy
Molecules and Molecular Reactions in Plant Cells To see 3D structures you need to install a CHIME Plugin Ions and Small Molecules Macromolecules Physical and Chemical Preconditions of Biochemical Reactions: Enzyme Catalysis EC Nomenclature - Complete List of all known Enzymes The Cell's Basic Metabolism C. A. REBEIZ: Heme and Chlorophyll a and b Biosynthetic Pathways - Topics of the Greening Process The Secondary Metabolism of Plants: Secondary Defence Compounds Molecular Genetics: The Genetic Code, Transcription, Translation (Protein Biosynthesis) and Replication Membranes: Diffusion, Permeability, Osmosis, Turgor, Active and Passive Transport Different Membranes - Compartments and Their Significance Photosynthesis R. BERGMANN: Ribulose 1,5 Bisphosphate Carboxylase - Structure and Reaction Mechanisn (interactive files) The Cytosceleton and Intracellular Movements The Cell Wall
Intercellular Communication Interactions between Cells Growth, Differentiation, Pattern Formation and Translocation H. MEINHARDT: Biological pattern formation: How cell talk with each other to achieve reproducible pattern formation P. PRUSINKIEWICZ, M. HAMEL, and R. MECH: Visual Models of Morphogenesis: A Guided Tour P. COOPER: Lindenmayer Systems * LSystems program written in Java G. OCHOA: An Introduction to Lindenmayer Systems G. THEISSEN 's Research Group: The MADS-box Gene Home Page Protoplasts and Tissue Cultures as Models for the Study of Plant Development Plant Responses to Light: Phototaxis, Photomorphogenesis, and Photoperiodism Phytohormones (Plant Hormones) and other Growth Regularors Growth Movements, Turgor Movements , and Circadian Rhythmics
Interactions between Plants and Fungi, Bacteria, Viruses Interactions between Plants and Fungi: the Evolution of their Parasitic and Symbiotic Relations Interactions of Plants and Bacteria ñ Genetic Engineering Plant Viruses and Viroids
Evolution Evolution: Survey and Open Questions C. DARWIN and His Theory of Selection CHARLES DARWIN: The Voyage of the Beagle CHARLES DARWIN: Origin of Species CHARLES DARWIN: The Descent of Man, and Selection in Relation to Sex Ernst MAYR: Darwin's Influence on Modern Thought The Modern Synthesis Reproductive Isolation and Mechanisms of Reproduction Changes on the Molecular Level and its Impacts on the Evolution of Plants Selection and Fitness. Definitions and Theory. How Did Life Evolve? How Did Macromolecules, Metabolic Pathways, and Finally Cells Come into Being? The Evolution of Energy-Converting Processes: Photosynthesis, The Respiratory Chain - Procaryotes and Eucaryotes - Diversification
The Plant Kingdom: An Overview Systematik und Taxonomie: Methoden und Regeln zur Klassifikation von Algen Pteridophyta (Farnähnliche Pflanzen und Farne) Hans KERP: A History of Palaeozoic Forests Hans KERP: The Rhynie Chert and its Flora Bryophyta (Moose) Gymnospermae Y. OGURA: History of discovery of spermatozoids in Ginkgo biloba and Cycas revoluta Angiospermae: Magnoliophytina (Überblick) Magnoliidae, Hamamelididae, Caryophyllidae Dilleniidae Rosidae Asteridae Liliopsida - Monokotyledonae (Monokotyledonen)
Ecology Ecological Aspects, Ecosystems Damages as Examples for Disruptions of the Balance of Ecosystems: The Eutrophication of a Lake; Air Pollution; Acid Rain; andForest Damages. Characteristics of Habitats and Vegetation Pflanzengesellschaften und Vegetationszonen Aquatische Ökosysteme
ESSAYS and RELATED PROJECTS Erhard KRANZ, Petra von WIEGEN, Hartmut QUADER, and Horst LÖRZ - Central cell fertilization and endosperm development in vitro K.-P. KELBER: Links for Palaeobotanists