Kinetics of upward bending response of gravistimulated snapdragon shoots
Recording of the gravitropic response

'Simulated time-lapse' photography

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In one experiment, 'simulated time-lapse photography' was used to record the gravitropic response of a quick responding snapdragon shoot obtained from the University's Matthaei Botanical Gardesn (MGB). Using a standard camera with a 50 mm lens mounted on a tripod, color slides were taken at intervals of 15 minutes. The shoots were illuminated during film exposure by light from a "day light" bulb. During the period with a low bending rate, e.g. during the initial phase, and after reaching the vertical position the first time, pictures were taken at longer intervals. After the top of the shoot had reached its final upright position, the whole shoot was put back in its original vertical position. The resulting slides were scanned into a computer and manipulated with the image processing program, Adobe PhotoshopTM. By overlaying the images a time lapse-effect could be achieved. The angle of curvature was then measured by projecting the slides with a projector and using a protractor.