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1999
Distribution patterns of biodiversity and the design of a representative
reserve network in Portugal.
Araujo, M. B.
Diversity and Distributions (in press).
Patterns of African primate diversity.
Cowlishaw, G. & Hacker, J. E.
Pages 18-19 in: Annual Report of The Institute of Zoology, Science
for Conservation 1998. Anon. (ed.). Institute of Zoology, London.
Correlation between endemism and local ecoclimatic stability documented
by comparing Andean bird distributions and remotely sensed land surface
data.
Fjeldsa, J., Lambin, E. & Mertens, B.
Ecography, 22: 63-78.
Biogeography of the Lepidoptera.
Holloway, J. D. & Nielsen, E. S.
Pages 423-462 in: Lepidoptera, moths and butterflies. 1. Evolution,
systematics and biogeography. Kristensen, N. P. (ed.). Handbuch der
Zoologie 4(35). De Gruyter, Berlin.
Plant diversity in Europe: Atlas Florae Europaeae and WORLDMAP.
Humphries, C., Araujo, M., Williams, P., Lampinen, R., Lahti, T. &
Uotila, P.
Acta Botanica Fennica, 162: 11-21.
A null model for species richness gradients: bounded range overlap
of butterflies and other rainforest endemics in Madagascar.
Lees, D. C., Kremen, C. & Andriamampianina, L.
Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 67: 529-584.
Effects of data characteristics on the results of reserve selection
algorithms.
Pressey, R.L., Possingham, H. P., Logan, V. S., Day, J. R. & Williams,
P. H.
Journal of Biogeography 26: 179-191.
Assessing large 'flagship' species for representing the diversity
of sub-Saharan mammals, using hotspots of total richness, hotspots of endemism,
and hotspots of complementary richness.
Williams, P., Burgess, N. & Rahbek, C.
Pages in: Has the Panda had its Day? Future Priorities for the Conservation
of Mammalian Biodiversity. A. Entwistle & N. Dunstone (eds.).
Symposium of the Zoological Society of London, 14-15 November 1997. Cambridge
University Press, Cambridge (in press).
Mapping Europe's Biodiversity, making a start with species: mapping
plants and vertebrates.
Williams, P., Humphries, C. & Araujo, M.
Poster, based on a joint project with European atlas projects for plants,
amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals.
Privately distributed, London.
Important Plant Areas of Europe: exploring the consequences of selection
criteria.
Williams, P. H., Humphries, C. J., Araujo, M. B., Lahti, T., Lampinen,
R., Uotila, P. & Vane-Wright, R. I.
In: Planta Europa. H. Synge (ed.). Proceedings of the Second
European Conference on the Conservation of Wild Plants, 9-14 June 1998,
Uppsala. Plantlife, London (in press).
Endemism and important areas for conserving European biodiversity:
a preliminary exploration of atlas data for plants and terrestrial vertebrates.
Williams, P., Humphries, C., Araujo, M., Lampinen, R., Hagemeijer,
W., Gasc, J.-P. & Mitchell-Jones, T.
Belgian Journal of Entomology (in press).
Interpreting biogeographical boundaries among Afrotropical birds:
spatial patterns in richness gradients and species replacement.
Williams, P. H., de Klerk, H. M. & Crowe, T. M.
Journal of Biogeography 26: 459-474.
Continent-wide conservation priorities and diversification processes.
Fjeldsa, J. & Rahbek, C.
In: Conservation in a changing world: integrating processes into
priorities for action. G. M. Mace, A. Balmford & J. R. Ginsberg
(eds). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Patterns of African primate diversity and their evaluation for the
selection of conservation areas.
Hacker, J. E., Cowlishaw, G. & Williams, P. H.
Biological Conservation, 84: 251-262.
[The conservation of biodiversity in the Iberian Peninsula and the
Balearic Islands. What can we do with floristic data?].
Moreno, J. C., Castro, I., Humphries, C.J. & Williams, P.H.
Quercus, 144: 19-22.
Land planarians (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida, Terricola) in biodiversity
and conservation studies.
Sluys, R.
Pedobiologia, 42: 490-494.
An annotated checklist of bumble bees with an analysis of patterns
of description (Hymenoptera: Apidae, Bombini).
Williams, P. H.
Bulletin of the Natural History Museum, Entomology, 67: 79-152.
Key sites for conservation: area-selection methods for biodiversity.
Williams, P. H.
Pages 211-249 in: Conservation in a changing world. G. M. Mace,
A. Balmford & J. R. Ginsberg (eds). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Biodiversity indicators: graphical techniques, smoothing and searching
for what makes relationships work.
Williams, P. H. & Gaston, K. J.
Ecography, 21: 551-560.
Mapping Europe's biodiversity.
Williams, P., Humphries, C. & Araujo, M.
Pages 12-15 in: Facts & figures on Europe's biodiversity. State
and trends 1998-1999. ECNC, Tilburg.
The relationship between geographic area and the latitudinal gradient
in species richness in New World birds.
Blackburn, T. M. & Gaston, K. J.
Evolutionary Ecology, 11: 195-204.
A comparison of reserve selection algorithms using data on terrestrial
vertebrates in Oregon.
Csuti, B., Polasky, S., Williams, P. H., Pressey, R. L., Camm, J. D.,
Kershaw, M., Kiester, A. R., Downs, B., Hamilton, R., Huso, M. & Sahr,
K.
Biological Conservation, 80: 83-97.
Species richness and endemism in South American birds: implications
for the design of networks of nature reserves.
Fjeldsa, J. & Rahbek, C.
Pages 466-482 in: Tropical forest remnants: ecology, management
and conservation of fragmented communities. W. F. Laurence & R.
O. Bierregaard (eds). University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
Age, area and avian diversification.
Gaston, K. J. & Blackburn, T. M.
Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 62: 239-253.
Systematics and biogeography of mycalesine butterflies (Lepidoptera:
Satyrinae) in Madagascar.
Lees, D. C.
Ph.D. thesis, University College London.
Using patterns of distribution and diversity of Kenyan birds to select
and prioritize areas for conservation.
Muriuki, J. N., de Klerk, H. M., Williams, P. H., Bennun, L. A., Crowe,
T. M. & vanden Berge, E.
Biodiversity and Conservation, 5(1996): 191-210.
Alpha taxonomy of Madagascar endemic butterfly Strabena (Nymphalidae,
Satyrinae) and its implication in conservation.
Raharitsimba, N. H.
M.Sc. thesis, University of Kent, Canterbury.
Mapping biodiversity value world-wide: combining higher-taxon richness
from different groups.
Williams, P. H., Gaston, K. J. & Humphries, C. J.
Proceedings of the Royal Society, Biological Sciences, 264:
141-148.
Maximising Forest bird conservation in Uganda by establishing
priorities for nature reserve selection.
Baltzer, M. C.
M.Sc. thesis, University of Kent, Canterbury.
The distribution of bird species in the New World: patterns in species
turnover.
Blackburn, T. M. & Gaston, K. J.
Oikos, 76: 146-152.
Spatial patterns in the geographic range sizes of bird species in
the New World.
Blackburn, T. M. & Gaston, K. J.
Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, London, 351:
897-912.
Spatial patterns in the species richness of birds in the New World.
Blackburn, T. M. & Gaston, K. J.
Ecography, 19: 369-376.
Spatial patterns in the body sizes of bird species in the New World.
Blackburn, T. M. & Gaston, K. J.
Oikos, 77: 436-446.
Strengthening the Natural and National Park system of Iberia to conserve
vascular plants.
Castro Parga, I., Moreno Saiz, J. C., Humphries, C. J. & Williams,
P. H.
Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 121: 189-206.
Species-range-size distributions: patterns, mechanisms and implications.
Gaston, K. J.
Trends in Ecology and Evolution, 11: 197-201.
The tropics as a museum of biological diversity: an analysis of the
New World avifauna.
Gaston, K. J. & Blackburn, T. M.
Proceedings of the Royal Society, Biological Sciences, 263:
63-68.
The spatial distribution of threatened species: macro-scales and
New World birds.
Gaston, K. J. & Blackburn, T. M.
Proceedings of the Royal Society, Biological Sciences, 263:
235-240.
Global scale macroecology: interactions between population size,
geographic range size and body size in the Anseriformes.
Gaston, K. J. & Blackburn, T. M.
Journal of Animal Ecology, 65: 701-714.
Spatial patterns in taxonomic diversity.
Gaston, K. J. & Williams, P. H.
Pages 202-228 in: Biodiversity: a biology of numbers and difference.
K. J. Gaston (ed.). Blackwell Science, Oxford.
Identifying complementary areas for conservation in Thailand: an
example using owls, hawkmoths and tiger beetles.
Kitching, I. J.
Biodiversity and Conservation, 5: 841-858.
The Perinet effect? Diversity gradients in an adaptive radiation
of Madagascan butterflies (Satyrinae: Mycalesina) contrasted with other
species-rich rainforest taxa.
Lees, D. C.
Pages 479-490 in: Biogeographie de Madagascar. W. R Lourenco
(ed.). ORSTOM editions, Paris.
Strengthening the Natural and National Park system of Iberia to conserve
pteridophytes.
Moreno Saiz, J. C., Castro Parga, I., Humphries, C. J. & Williams,
P. H.
Pages 111-123 in: Pteridology in perspective. J. M. Camus, M.
Gibby & R. J. Johns (eds). Royal Botanic Garden, Kew.
Systematics and the conservation of biological diversity.
Vane-Wright, R. I.
Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden, 83: 47-57.
WORLDMAP iv WINDOWS: Software and user document 4.1.
Williams, P. H.
Privately distributed, London.
Biodiversity value and taxonomic relatedness.
Williams, P. H.
Pages 261-277 in: The Genesis and Maintenance of Biological Diversity.
M. E. Hochberg, J. Clobert & R. Barbault (eds). Oxford University Press,
Oxford.
Measuring biodiversity value.
Williams, P. H.
World Conservation, 1: 12-14.
Mapping variations in the strength and breadth of biogeographic transition
zones using species turnover.
Williams, P. H.
Proceedings of the Royal Society, Biological Sciences, 263:
579-588.
A comparison of richness hotspots, rarity hotspots and complementary
areas for conserving diversity using British birds.
Williams, P., Gibbons, D., Margules, C., Rebelo, A., Humphries, C.
& Pressey, R.
Conservation Biology, 10: 155-174.
Comparing character diversity among biotas.
Williams, P. H. & Humphries, C. J.
Pages 54-76 in: Biodiversity: a biology of numbers and difference.
K. J. Gaston (ed.). Blackwell Science, Oxford.
WORLDMAP and prioritisation for conservation: integration of systematic
data for conservation evaluation.
Williams, P. H. & Humphries, C. J.
Pages 98-99 in: Biodiversity assessment: a guide to good practice.
A. C. Jermy, D. Long, M. J. S. Sands, N. E. Stork, S. Winser (eds). Department
of the Environment / HMSO, London.
Promise and problems in applying quantitative complementary areas
for representing the diversity of some Neotropical plants (families Dichapetalaceae,
Lecythidaceae, Caryocaraceae, Chrysobalanaceae and Proteaceae).
Williams, P. H., Prance, G. T., Humphries, C. J. & Edwards, K.
S.
Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 58: 125-157.
Studies on the ecology and evolution of Neotropical ithomiine
butterflies (Nymphalidae: Ithomiinae).
Beccaloni, G. W.
Ph.D. thesis, University of London.
Mapping biodiversity using surrogates for species richness: macro-scales
and New World birds.
Gaston, K. J. & Blackburn, T. M.
Proceedings of the Royal Society, Biological Sciences, 262:
335-341.
Large scale patterns of biodiversity: spatial variation in family
richness.
Gaston, K. J., Williams, P. H., Eggleton, P. J. & Humphries, C.
J.
Proceedings of the Royal Society, Biological Sciences, 260:
149-154.
Richness or rarity? Evaluation of African primate diversity for
conservation.
Hacker, J.
M.Sc. thesis, University College, London.
Biodiversity, systematics, and conservation: a case study of swallowtail
butterflies (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae).
Häuser, C. L., Smith, C. R. & Vane-Wright, R. I.
Verhandlungen der Deutschen Zoologischen Gesellschaft, 88: 148.
Cladograms and trees in biodiversity.
Humphries, C. J. & Williams, P.H.
Pages 335-352 in: Models in phylogenetic reconstruction. R.
W. Scotland, D. J. Siebert & D. M. Williams (eds), Special volume of
the Systematics Association, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
Measuring biodiversity value for conservation.
Humphries, C. J., Williams, P. H. & Vane-Wright, R. I.
Annual Reviews of Ecology and Systematics, 26: 93-111.
Defining priorities for conservation and sustainable use.
Johnson, N.
Pages 932-943 in: Global biodiversity assessment. V. H. Heywood
& R. T. Watson (eds.). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Threatened status, rarity and diversity as alternative selection
measures for protected areas: a test using Afrotropical antelopes.
Kershaw, M., Mace, G. M. & Williams, P. H.
Conservation Biology, 9: 324-334.
A study of papilionoid legumes in Madagascar using evolutionary
and distributional data to identify priority areas for conservation.
Sawkins, M. C.
M.Sc. thesis, University of Birmingham, Birmingham.
Phylogenetic relationships among bumble bees (Bombus Latr.):
a re-appraisal of morphological evidence.
Williams, P. H.
Systematic Entomology, 19(1994): 327-344.
The WORLDMAP debate. (Correspondence)
Williams, P. H.
Trends in Ecology and Evolution, 10: 82.
Do conservationists and molecular biologists value differences between
organisms in the same way?
Williams, P. H., Gaston, K. J. & Humphries, C. J.
Biodiversity Letters, 2(1994): 67-78.
Explaining global termite diversity: productivity or history?
Eggleton, P., Williams, P. H. & Gaston, K. J.
Biodiversity and Conservation, 3: 318-330.
Systematics and conservation evaluation.
Forey, P. L., Humphries, C. J. & Vane-Wright, R. I. (eds)
Special volume of the Systematics Association, Oxford University Press,
Oxford.
Hotspots across Europe.
Gaston, K. J. & David, R.
Biodiversity Letters, 2: 108-116.
Conservation of Afrotropical antelopes: consequences and efficiency
of using alternative site selection methods and diversity criteria.
Kershaw, M., Williams, P. H. & Mace, G. M.
Biodiversity and Conservation, 3: 354-372.
Systematics and the conservation of biodiversity: global, national
and local perspectives.
Vane-Wright, R. I.
Pages 197-211 in: Perspectives on insect conservation. K. J.
Gaston, T. R. New & M. Samways (eds), Intercept, Andover.
The butterflies of northern and central Maluku: diversity, endemism,
biogeography, and conservation priorities.
Vane-Wright, R. I. & Peggie, D. [= Rahardja, D. P.]
Tropical Biodiversity, 2: 212-230.
Systematic assessment of diversity by summation.
Vane-Wright, R. I., Smith, C. R. & Kitching, I. J.
Pages 309-326 in: Systematics and conservation evaluation. P.
L. Forey, C. J. Humphries & R. I. Vane-Wright (eds), Special volume
of the Systematics Association, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
Measuring more of biodiversity: can higher-taxon richness predict
wholesale species richness ?
Williams, P. H. & Gaston, K. J.
Biological Conservation, 67: 211-217.
Biodiversity, taxonomic relatedness and endemism in conservation.
Williams, P. H. & Humphries, C. J.
Pages 269-287 in: Systematics and conservation evaluation. P.
L. Forey, C. J. Humphries & R. I. Vane-Wright (eds), Special volume
of the Systematics Association, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
Centres of seed-plant diversity: the family way.
Williams, P. H., Humphries, C. J. & Gaston, K. J.
Proceedings of the Royal Society, Biological Sciences, 256:
67-70.
Beyond opportunism: key principles for systematic reserve selection.
Pressey, R. L., Humphries, C. J., Margules, C. R., Vane-Wright, R.
I. & Williams, P. H.
Trends in Ecology and Evolution, 8: 124-128.
An evaluation of the diversity of subspecies, species and genera
of Hesperiidae within the Philippines, using the WORLDMAP computer program.
Vane-Wright, R. I. & Rahardja, D. P. [= Peggie, D.]
Zoologisches Verhandelingen, 288: 116-121.
Measuring more of biodiversity for choosing conservation areas, using
taxonomic relatedness.
Williams, P. H.
Pages 194-227 in: International Symposium on Biodiversity and Conservation
(KEI). T.-Y. Moon (ed.), Korean Entomological Institute, Seoul.
Salvaging more from the sinking Ark.
Williams, P. H.
Pages 30-31 in: Annual Report for Science 1992. The Natural
History Museum, London.
Mongolian bumble bee survey.
Williams, P. H. & Seddon, A.
In Raleigh International Mongolia 92D Expedition: June-August 1992
Preliminary Scientific Reports. Raleigh International, London. 6 pp.
Measuring biodiversity for choosing conservation areas.
Williams, P. H., Vane-Wright, R. I. & Humphries, C. J.
Pages 309-328 in: Hymenoptera and biodiversity. J. LaSalle &
I. Gauld (eds), CABI, Wallingford.
Systematics and the global biodiversity strategy.
Vane-Wright, R. I.
Antenna, London, 16: 49-56.
Collections and systematics.
Vane-Wright, R. I. & Cranston, P. S.
Australian Biologist, 5: 14-18.
WORLDMAP - priority areas for biodiversity. Using version 3.
Williams, P. H.
Privately distributed, London. 10 pp.
What to protect? - Systematics and the agony of choice.
Vane-Wright, R. I., Humphries, C. J. & Williams, P. H.
Biological Conservation, 55: 235-254.
The bumble bees of the Kashmir Himalaya (Hymenoptera: Apidae,
Bombini).
Williams, P. H.
Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Entomology,
60(1): 1-204.
1 plate, 439 figs, 62 maps.
Afrotropical antelopes - priority areas for biodiversity. Progress
report.
Williams, P. H.
Privately distributed, London. 4 pp.
Measuring biodiversity: taxonomic relatedness for conservation priorities.
Williams, P. H., Humphries, C. J. & Vane-Wright, R. I.
Australian Systematic Botany, 4: 665-679.
