XVI International Botanical Congess

The genus of Heracleum L, which belongs to Apiaceae Lindl family is investigated in this paper. In the investigated region are identified 9 types of this genus in mountainous areas (1100-1600 meters over sea level), midlevel mountains (1600=-2400 meters over sea level) and high level mountains (more than 2400 meters over sea level) zones, witch grow among mezofile meadow û shrubs, consisting of highgrass vegetation formation.In the result of phenological investigation of 2 types in lowlands, we found out that, vegetational period of H. Trachyloma is 170-178 days, but H. Antasiatium 180-220 days. Both types pass full circle of growth period, vital seeds are formed and are settled in new places.All types of Heracleum L contain volatile-oil (VO), accumulated in the secretory canals of different organs. The majority of volotile û oil is accumulated in foetus (from 1,2% till 9,4%). Volotile û oil of Heracleum is transparent, light û yellow liquid with sharp stable smell, capable of having aweak û acidic (0,6) reaction and a high volotile number (299,7). The dynamics of these types of volotile û oil is formed after 2 years. Gaschromotography analysis identified that, volotle û oil is multicomponential mixture, consisting of 7 groups of chemical compositions majority of with (from 50 % till 77 %) consist of complex voloyile û oil and (from 4% till 32 %) hydro û carbons.